群馬県立中央中等教育学校
Gunma Prefectural Chuo Secondary School
ブログ
Encouragement of the Practical Use of Fishery in Developing Countries
ＨＰ担当
Abstract
This paper reviews what we could do especially in the fishing industry to promote economic growth in developing countries. First of all, we have to check 49 developing countries to see if they satisfy conditions that are necessary for commercial fishing. We look at them from the aspect of topography, military situations, environment and religion. Then, three countries are selected based on the prerequisites. Thirdly, we discuss the present situations of fishing in the nations selected. Main problems of the existing industry in these areas are related to transporting and exporting. Finally, new ideas are offered to the countries referring to preferable transportation and sales process.
1 IntroductionThese days, the concern about foreign aid has risen as poverty and economic gaps between nations have been considered serious problems. In this paper, I have considered what we could do to boost income from commercial fishing to promote economic growth in developing countries. First, I chose three countries, each of which fulfills the conditions below.a) GDP is under the standard of $992 per person decided in the United Nations in 2012.b) It is capable of fishing. I made three prerequisites on my own.-faces a sea-does not have any outstanding war, natural disasters or infectious diseases-has comparatively few religious taboo against seafood. The countries selected are Guinea-Bissau, Madagascar, and Togo.
This paper reviews what we could do especially in the fishing industry to promote economic growth in developing countries. First of all, we have to check 49 developing countries to see if they satisfy conditions that are necessary for commercial fishing. We look at them from the aspect of topography, military situations, environment and religion. Then, three countries are selected based on the prerequisites. Thirdly, we discuss the present situations of fishing in the nations selected. Main problems of the existing industry in these areas are related to transporting and exporting. Finally, new ideas are offered to the countries referring to preferable transportation and sales process.
1 IntroductionThese days, the concern about foreign aid has risen as poverty and economic gaps between nations have been considered serious problems. In this paper, I have considered what we could do to boost income from commercial fishing to promote economic growth in developing countries. First, I chose three countries, each of which fulfills the conditions below.a) GDP is under the standard of $992 per person decided in the United Nations in 2012.b) It is capable of fishing. I made three prerequisites on my own.-faces a sea-does not have any outstanding war, natural disasters or infectious diseases-has comparatively few religious taboo against seafood. The countries selected are Guinea-Bissau, Madagascar, and Togo.
2 Discussion and Implications
(1)Guinea-Bissau:
Fishery is one of the country’s key industries. They have a good catch of prawns and squids. However, their main force is small-scale, individual fishing. The seafood they catch is usually not much processed, and only 23 tons of their products are sold outside of the fishing villages.
(2)Madagascar
Madagascar produces black tiger prawns. An exporting company called Unima, which conducts prawn production in an environmentally friendly way, supplies 7,500 tons of prawns per year.
In most of the native communities, fishermen rely on commission merchants to collect fish and to manage business because their access to the market is limited. However, products are purchased at low prices by the commission merchants.
(3)Togo
About 25,000 tons of seafood is in production every year. The country’s seafood self-sufficiency rate is 40%, and 37,000 tons of seafood is imported a year. Lome port, the only fishing port of the country has been required to move since 2011 due to an expansion of a commercial port. The port has been facing problems such as boat accidents in the crowded harbor, and lack of equipment for inspecting sanitation.
3 Conclusion
A: suggestions for domestic activities
(1)Guinea-Bissau
It seems essential to develop the distribution system. Live fish trucking could be an appropriate method worth spreading. This method is suited for small-sized aquatic animals including Guinea-Bissau's main commodities, prawns and squids. Using water tanks is comparatively low cost than introducing refrigerating technology.
(2) Madagascar
a: Development of the distribution system is needed.
First, the wholesale market should be prepared. According to Japan Yoshoku Association, the wholesale market is quote "where trade is taken place under the open and fair running principles" unquote. Wholesaling will directly solve the problem of unfair trading in many communities.
Second, for now, marine transportation will contribute to the smoother distribution. Taking an advantage of it being an island, Madagascar can benefit from this ship delivery system effectively. One of the country’s prioritized targets shows that progress in the field of conveyance is required. Using sea routs instead of roads must be a fast solution at present. In the near future, thinking of exporting more products abroad, we should also improve land transportation to connect coastal villages and the inland Ivato Airport, the chief international airport.
b: Increasing the variety of fish they catch can expand their business and can prevent extinction of particular species. Sea animals which can be caught with the same trawls as the ones for catching prawns may serve as good targets.
(3)Togo
A maintenance project has already been carried out by some organizations. The report on preparation research by JICA and Fisheries Engineering Co., Ltd was published in 2016. This project is so well organized that the existing assistance seems to be enough for the time being.
2: the potential for export to Japan
Japan will be able to support Madagascar's industrial development through increasing consumption of black tiger prawns and through expecting this country to be a favorable eel producing district. Now, Japan depends on south-east Asia for shrimps and prawns. Trading with other stable producer is surely beneficial for Japan. In fact, in 2013, Japan faced a shrimp shortage due to the spread of a disease among vannamei shrimps in Asia and the increased demand from other countries. Finding a habitat of wild eels can be meaningful as there is a great demand for eels here in Japan.
4 References
「世界の1人当たり名目GDP 国別ランキング・推移（IMF） - Global Note」
＜www.globalnote.jp/post-1339.html＞
「外務省 - Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan」
＜www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area＞
「漁民リーダー育成・零細漁業組織強化プロジェクト- JICA」
＜www.jica.go.jp/senegal/office/activities/program/04/01.html＞ （2016．12．06）
＜jp.ndish.com/world/Senegal＞ （主に2017．1．10）
「[PDF]多様な食文化・食習慣を有する外国人客への対応マニュアル国土交通省」
＜www.mlit.go.jp/common/000059429.pdf＞ （2017．1．10）
「外務省: わかる！国際情勢 Vol.19 アフリカにおける紛争」
＜www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/press/pr/wakaru/topics/vol19＞ （2017．1．17）
「『えび類』 - 都道府県市区町村｜データと雑学で遊ぼう！」
＜uub.jp/pdr/fi/eb.html＞ （2017．1．29）
「ガンバ、マダガスカルの海老・レッドラベル､ユニマ､養殖業」
＜www.unima.com/page_peche.php?lg=jp＞ （2017．1．29）
「マダガスカルの先住民漁業ーMARE会議に出席して | Nereus」
＜www.nereusprogram.org/ja/madagascar-indigenous-fisheries＞ （2017．1．29）
「[PDF][39] マダガスカル - Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan」
＜www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/shiryo/kuni/08_databook＞ （2017．1．29）
「水産庁/（3）水産物流通・加工をめぐる動き」
＜www.jfa.maff.go.jp/j/kikaku/wpaper/h21_＞ （2017．1．29）
「養殖魚の主な流通経路」
＜www.yoshoku.or.jp/02howto/ryutsu＞ （2017．1．29）
「ギニアビサウ/小規模漁業振興計画」
＜www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/shiryo/hyouka/kunibetu＞ （2017．1．29）
「[PDF]世界漁業・養殖業白書 2012年」
＜www.fao.org/icatalog/inter-e.htm＞ （2017．1．31）
「[PDF]トーゴ国 ロメ漁港整備計画 準備調査報告書 簡易製本版」
＜open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12262747_01.pdf＞ （2017．9．5）
「世界的なエビ不足なぜ起きた カキでも同じ問題｜フード・レストラン」
＜https://style.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASFK1002O_Q4A110C1000000?channel＞
（2017．9．12）
「ニチレイフレッシュ 水産品 - こだわり素材開発ストーリー マダガスルージュ」
＜http://www.nichireifresh.co.jp/fish/story/madagas.html＞ (2017．10．17)
「貿易コンサルタント - マダガスカルメディアサービス」
＜https://www.madagascar-ms.com/貿易コンサルタント＞ (2017．10．17)
金萬智男・三好かやの「私、海の漁師になりました。就業ナビ＆成功事例」 新光社
ブリタニカ国際百科事典 百科事典マイペディア 旺文社世界史事典
